Improvement in bakers ovens



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Patented July 16 G. E. BAILEY. Bak-ers" Oven.

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G. E. BAILEY.

. Bakers Oven. No.129,080. Patentedlulyimisz.

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L/ E I z" 'Si @ffy 5w. 2m m /Lk if A /gwzz 4M. Mora-unanimi: ca.Mrt/'asevmvrs MacissJ GEORGE E. BAILEY, OF MANSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPeoi/EMENT IN BAKERS ovENs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 119,0S0, dated July 16,1872.

To allpersons to whom theseprcsents shall come:

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. BAILEY, of Mansfield, in the county ofBristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in BakersOvens; and that the following is a full, clear,and exact specification of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying plates of drawing.

This invention relates more particularly to bakers ovens such asdescribed in the schedule annexed to Letters Patent granted to me, datedDecember 5, 1871, and numbered 121,573, but its features are more orless applicable to bakers ovens of other' construction. The inventionconsists First, of providing the flues leading from the lire-pot to theoven, and at their ends leading into the oven, with a fender or guardwhereby the smoke, heat, &c., escapin gfrom said nues are fended,-thatis, guided upward and sidewise into the oven'chamber,

and thereby prevented from a too direct impingement against the materialbeing baked at such portion of the oven. Second, in arran ging along theopening making the communication between oven and chamber, under'theoven and around the re-pot, a fender or guard that is constructed ofdouble walls, with a space between, whereby is prevented a too strongradiation and a too direct impingement of heat at such portion of theoven against the material being there baked. Third, of the combination,with an oven-chamber, of a supplementary oven-chamber arranged above itand adapted to be put into andput of communication therewith. Fourth, inthe arrangement of an escape for the gases, vapors, &c., induced bybaking in the oven-chamber, whereby, without any escape of heat, the

Y gases, steam, &c., can pass freely off.'

In the accompanying plates of drawing my improvements in bakers ovensare illustrated.

In Plate 1,Figure 1 is a central longitudinal vertical section; Fig. 2,a longitudinal section in plane of line Fig. 1. In Plate 2, Fig. 3, atransverse vertical section in plane of line y y, Fig. 1, Plate 1. Fig.4, a horizontal section in plane of line z z, Fig. 3.

Ain the drawing represents an outer casing, which may be made of bricksor other masonry, or any other suitable material; B, the oven-chamberproper, located within the masonry A; D, the iioor to oven, constructedchamber F and the oven B there is an open and free communication at therear of ovenloor D; E, the lire-pot, arranged by its walls within thechamber F at the front thereof.

This 'fire-pot is considerably less in width than the chamber F and onlyextends toward the rear of the chamber for a portion of its depth. Thefire-pot E is closed upon its upper side, and between its upper side andthe oven the chamber F extends unobstructed; and it is furthermore, uponits sides, made with apertures a, making a communication between repot Eand chamber F; K, door opening into fire-pot, and I ash-pit, and L itsdoor; M, a door opening into chamber F and into the portion thereofbetween top of fire-pot and bottom of oven-floor; G, the iioor tochamber F, which floor is made inclining from the boundaries ofoven-floor to the walls of lire-pot E 5 N, flues or passages leadingfrom fire-pot to the corners, or nearly so, of the opening O, along therear of oven-Hoor 5 and H, damperslides in said passages N, whichpassages are entirely distinct and separate from and not in contact withthe oven-hoor; P, fenders or guards, one to each flue N. These guardsare arranged at the open ends Q of the lues N and are in a more or lessvertical position projecting into the oven-chamber through the opening Oof its oor, as very plainly shown in Fig. 4. R, a fender at and alongthe rear edge b of oven-floor D. This fender It is made of double wallsc with a space, d, between, that may be either left open or lled withashes or any other suitable non-conductor of heat. S, a supplementaryoven-chamber vabove ovenchamber B; T, door to enter oven-chamber S and Uan opening and passage forming a communication between the two ovens Band S; V, a slide for closing passage U when desircd; W, a passageleading from a point at or near the top of the oven-chamberB downward,and, by preference, although not necessary, thence upward opening into'the external air. This passage W is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3,Plate 2. X, a passage leading from a point at 6r near the top of theovenchamber B and at its front end downward into the ash-pit, or in lieuthereof into the firechamber.

The operation of the oven hereinabovedescribed is substantially similarto that described in the Letters Patent aforesaid, and therefore needs:uo description herein, except so far as the parts forming thisinvention affect the same. f

By the fenders l? to the open ends of the flues N the heat, &c., issuingtherefrom is prevented from a too direct contact with the material beingbaked at the rear of the oven. The same may be also said of the rearfender or guard R, its double-wall construction being obviouslyadvantageous. The arrangement of the passage W or the passage X securesthe escape of the gases, steam, etc., from the oven-chamber withoutletting the heat pass otl, for the reason4 that as the heat ascends andnot descends, it forces, by its pressure, the gases, steam, 85e.,through the passage W downward, their heavier specific densityfacilitating the same. The passage W, as also the passage X, may be usedeither alone or together, the running of the escape-flue or passages tothe fire-pot securing a combustion of the gases, and in thatV respectbeing superior to the arrangement of passage W, but it is found best torun the gases, 85o., ott' into l. The guards or fenders l? to iuepassages N, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

2. The rear guard or fender B, constructed of double walls c,substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The supplementary ovencharnber S in combination with the ovencharnberB, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The ues or passages W or X, or both, enteringoven-chamber at or nearits top and thence outside of the oven-chamber, passing downward,substantially as and for the purpose described.

GEO. E. BAILEY.

Witnesses:

EDWIN W. BROWN, J oHN P. McELRoY.

